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  <titleInfo>
    <title>ANALYSIS OF THE WORLDWIDE CONCENTRATION OF PELLET IMPORTS (2012-2018)</title>
  </titleInfo>
  <name type="personal">
    <namePart>Soares, Helena Cristina Carvalho</namePart>
    <role>
      <roleTerm authority="marcrelator" type="text">creator</roleTerm>
    </role>
  </name>
  <name type="personal">
    <namePart>Souza, Álvaro Nogueira de</namePart>
    <role>
      <roleTerm authority="marcrelator" type="text">creator</roleTerm>
    </role>
  </name>
  <name type="personal">
    <namePart>Santos Júnior, Edvaldo Pereira</namePart>
    <role>
      <roleTerm authority="marcrelator" type="text">creator</roleTerm>
    </role>
  </name>
  <name type="personal">
    <namePart>Nunes, Anna Manuella Melo</namePart>
    <role>
      <roleTerm authority="marcrelator" type="text">creator</roleTerm>
    </role>
  </name>
  <name type="personal">
    <namePart>Joaquim, Maísa Santos</namePart>
    <role>
      <roleTerm authority="marcrelator" type="text">creator</roleTerm>
    </role>
  </name>
  <name type="personal">
    <namePart>Coelho Junior, Luiz Moreira</namePart>
    <role>
      <roleTerm authority="marcrelator" type="text">creator</roleTerm>
    </role>
  </name>
  <typeOfResource>text</typeOfResource>
  <genre authority="marc">periodical</genre>
  <genre authority="marc">abstract or summary</genre>
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    <issuance>continuing</issuance>
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    <languageTerm authority="iso639-2b" type="code">eng</languageTerm>
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  <abstract>

ABSTRACT – Faced with the transition in the global energy structure with the shift in consumption of fossil fuels to renewable and clean sources, there has been an increase in the demand for forest biomass for energy purposes, especially wood pellets, and imports have grown in recent years. Therefore, this study analyzed the world concentration of pellet imports from 2012 to 2018. Data on pellet imports were obtained from the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), and the following indicators were used to measure the concentration: Concentration Ratio [CR(k)], Hirschman-Herfi ndal Index (HHI), Theil Entropy Index (E), Gini Inequality Coeffi cient (G) and the Hall-Tideman Index (HTI). The results showed a growth of 16.67% p.a. of global pellet imports, from 8.76 million tons (t) in 2012 to 22.15 million tons in 2018. The CR(k) indicated very high concentration for countries and high in the subcontinents. The HHI showed a high concentration for continents and subcontinents and a moderate concentration for countries. Entropy and HTI corroborated the analyzes found in the HHI. The G pointed out strong inequality for all territorial levels and showed trends towards a reduction in inequality as of 2015. The reduction in the concentration in the fi nal years of study is related to the expansion and technological diff usion of energy conversion of the densifi ed biomass, which makes this fuel more aff ordable.

Keywords: Bioenergy; Densifi ed biomass; Forest economy. </abstract>
  <abstract>

RESUMO – Diante da transição na estrutura energética mundial, com o deslocamento do consumo dos combustíveis fósseis para fonte renováveis e limpas, registra-se um aumento da demanda por biomassa florestal para fins energéticos, em especial os pellets de madeira, e as importações têm crescido nos últimos anos. Logo, este artigo analisou a concentração mundial das importações de pellets, de 2012 a 2018. Os dados de importações de pellets foram obtidos da Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations – FAO e para mensurar a concentração foram utilizados os indicadores: Razão de Concentração [CR(k)], Índice de Hirschman-Herfi ndal (HHI) Índice de Entropia de Theil (E), Coefi ciente de desigualdade de Gini (G) e o Índice de Hall-Tideman (HTI). Os resultados apontaram um crescimento de 16,67% a.a. da importação mundial de pellets, saindo de 8,76 milhões toneladas (t), em 2012, para 22,15 milhões de t em 2018. Quanto aos índices de concentração, o CR(k) indicou concentração muito alta para os países e alta nos subcontinentes. O HHI apresentou concentração alta para os continentes e subcontinentes e uma concentração moderada para os países. A Entropia e o HTI corroboraram as análises encontradas no HHI. O G apontou forte desigualdade para todos os níveis territoriais e apresentou tendências de redução na desigualdade a partir de 2015. A redução da concentração, nos últimos anos de estudo, encontra relação com a expansão e a difusão tecnológica de conversão energética da biomassa densificada, o que torna o combustível mais acessível.

Palavras-Chave: Bioenergia; biomassa densificada; economia florestal.</abstract>
  <note>Publicação on-line; 38 ref.; 3 illus; Sumaries (En, Pt)</note>
  <subject>
    <topic>BIOENERGIA</topic>
  </subject>
  <subject>
    <topic>BIOMASSA</topic>
  </subject>
  <subject>
    <topic>MADEIRA</topic>
  </subject>
  <subject>
    <topic>ECONOMIA FLORESTAL</topic>
  </subject>
  <subject>
    <topic>MERCADO</topic>
  </subject>
  <subject>
    <topic>IMPORTAÇÃO</topic>
  </subject>
  <relatedItem type="host">
    <titleInfo>
      <title>Revista Árvore (Brazil)</title>
    </titleInfo>
    <originInfo>
      <publisher>Viçosa-MG Sociedade de Investigações Florestais - Universidade Federal de Viçosa. Depto. de Engenharia Florestal 1977</publisher>
    </originInfo>
    <identifier>2024-7726</identifier>
    <identifier type="issn">0100-6762</identifier>
    <identifier type="local">BR2024004830</identifier>
    <part>
      <text>v. 45 p. 1-11; (2021)</text>
    </part>
  </relatedItem>
  <identifier type="uri">https://www.scielo.br/j/rarv/a/KGBFfQkbFXRwsmTFThmQqcR/?format=pdf&amp;lang=en</identifier>
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    <url>https://www.scielo.br/j/rarv/a/KGBFfQkbFXRwsmTFThmQqcR/?format=pdf&amp;lang=en</url>
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    <recordCreationDate encoding="marc">250310</recordCreationDate>
    <recordChangeDate encoding="iso8601">20250310190522.0</recordChangeDate>
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      <languageTerm authority="iso639-2b" type="code">eng</languageTerm>
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