Lima, Aline Araújo Patrício creator Lopes, Maria Teresa Gomes creator Valente, Mágno Sávio Ferreira creator Ramos, Santiago Linorio Ferreyra creator Chagas, Edvan Alves creator Souza, Júlio César Gonçalves de creator text periodical abstract or summary bl. continuing eng Abstract This article sought to assess the genetic diversity within and between natural populations of Astrocaryum acaule by means of AFLP markers. Ninety individuals were sampled in three populations located in Manaus (state of Amazonas) across regions with different intensities of anthropogenic activity. Two clusters were differentiated by means of dendrograms and Bayesian cluster analysis, the first consisting of individuals from the Tarumã-Açu population in an intensely agricultural region, and the second, of populations from UFAM and Tupé conservation areas. The physical isolation of A. acaule populations has resulted in good conservation of its genetic identity, since anthropogenic activity is an important modifier of the genetic diversity of natural populations. Genetic diversity was higher within populations (74.58%) than between them (25.42%), which means that we have to collect representative samples from each of the genetically distinct groups for genetic conservation of the species. Therefore, in situ conservation is recommended. Keywords: Amazonian palm, genetic resource, AFLP, population structure. Publicação on-line; 29 ref.; 4 tables; 4 illus.; Summary (En) TUCUM RECURSO GENÉTICO ESTRUTURA VEGETAL FLORESTA PESQUISA FLORESTAL CONSERVAÇÃO Rio de Janeiro-RJ Instituto de Florestas - UFRRJ 1994 2025-0456 1415-0980 / ISSN 2179-8087 0nline BR2026001232 v. 27(2) p. 1-9; (2020) https://www.scielo.br/j/floram/a/y8sj8rDS97XLJPzWNLSSRbm/?format=pdf&lang=en https://www.scielo.br/j/floram/a/y8sj8rDS97XLJPzWNLSSRbm/?format=pdf&lang=en BR-BrBNA 260519 20260519132221.0 eng